Env problems: 越来越 + adjective (no 很)
Name the problem, then say it is getting worse with 越来越 (yuè lái yuè — more and more) directly before an adjective: 空气污染越来越严重。(Kōngqì wūrǎn yuè lái yuè yánzhòng.) — Air pollution is getting more and more serious. 越来越 already carries increasing degree, so NEVER add 很: 越来越很严重 ✗. To rate a problem: 我觉得最严重的问题是……. Problem words: 空气污染 (air pollution), 垃圾太多 (too much rubbish), 气候变化 (climate change), 缺水 (water shortage).
Green actions: 应该 + verb, 为了 at the front
Say what people should do with the modal 应该 (yīnggāi — should) + verb: 我们应该节约用水、用电。(Wǒmen yīnggāi jiéyuē yòng shuǐ, yòng diàn.) — We should save water and electricity. Give a purpose with 为了 (wèile — in order to) at the FRONT, not the end like English: 为了保护环境,我每天骑自行车上学。(Wèile bǎohù huánjìng, wǒ měitiān qí zìxíngchē shàngxué.) — To protect the environment, I cycle to school. Green actions: 垃圾分类, 回收, 少用塑料袋, 坐公共交通, 种树.
Natural resources + 把 (put into the bin)
Natural resources (自然资源 zìrán zīyuán) — 水资源 (water), 能源 (energy), 太阳能 (solar) — are limited, so we must not waste them: 我们不能浪费水和能源。(Wǒmen bù néng làngfèi shuǐ hé néngyuán.) — We must not waste water and energy. To describe recycling, a 把 sentence moves a definite object to a result: 我把塑料瓶放进回收箱。(Wǒ bǎ sùliào píng fàng jìn huíshōu xiāng.) A 把 sentence needs a result or direction after the verb (放进), never a bare verb.
Drawn from real examiner reports.
Global issues where the task asks LOCAL
Answer only the facet asked — your LOCAL environment or global issues. ✗ writing about 全球变暖 when the task says the environment where YOU live ✓ 在我住的城市,最大的环境问题是空气污染和垃圾太多。(Zài wǒ zhù de chéngshì, zuì dà de huánjìng wèntí shì kōngqì wūrǎn hé lājī tài duō.) For a local task use 在我住的城市 with concrete detail; save 全球变暖 for a global task.
Grounded in the edexcel-1cn0 digest: on the Writing being-green / environmental-issues option, candidates wrote GENERAL issues instead of the LOCAL environment the task asked for (June 2024 1CN0/4H).
Missing key words (自然资源, 回收箱)
Theme-5 cards need a few exact terms plus opinion vocabulary. ✗ going silent because you cannot say recycling bin or natural resources ✓ learn the anchors: 自然资源 (zìrán zīyuán — natural resources), 回收箱 (huíshōu xiāng — recycling bin), 垃圾分类 (rubbish sorting), 保护环境 (protect the environment), then attach 我觉得保护环境很重要,因为……. A missing noun should not sink the answer.
Grounded in the edexcel-1cn0 digest: Theme-5 picture cards on issues around the world were the WEAKEST area and need strong opinion vocabulary plus terms like recycling bin (回收箱) and natural resources (自然资源) (June 2024 1CN0/2H; June 2023 1CN0/2H).
Future greener actions answered in present
When a task asks what you WILL do in future to be greener, answer in the future, not the present. ✗ 我每天关灯 (a present habit) when the bullet asks what you WILL do next year ✓ 以后我打算参加更多环保活动,也会少买一次性的东西。(Yǐhòu wǒ dǎsuàn cānjiā gèng duō huánbǎo huódòng, yě huì shǎo mǎi yícìxìng de dōngxi.) Signal the future with 以后 / 将来 / 打算 / 会.
Grounded in the edexcel-1cn0 digest: candidates answered how you WILL use social media in future in the PRESENT about phones/internet (June 2023 1CN0/4H).
Wrong measure word (棵 for trees)
Chinese has no plural ending, so number + correct 量词 + noun is the only way to show quantity, and the wrong measure word is a stock error. ✗ 三个树 ✓ 三棵树 (sān kē shù — three trees). 树 takes 棵 (kē). Learn each measure word with its noun — a tree 棵, a match 场, a company 家 — and never default to 个.
Inferred from general FL-Chinese knowledge: number + correct 量词 + noun is compulsory and a wrong or omitted measure word is a stock error (general FL trap).
把 sentence needs a result after the verb
A 把 sentence fronts a DEFINITE object and moves it to a result, so it needs a result or direction after the verb — never a bare verb. ✗ 我把塑料瓶回收 (bare verb) ✓ 我把塑料瓶放进回收箱。(Wǒ bǎ sùliào píng fàng jìn huíshōu xiāng.) — I put the plastic bottle in the recycling bin. The complement 放进 (put into) is what makes 把 work; without it the sentence is incomplete.
Inferred from general FL-Chinese knowledge: a 把 sentence requires a resultative or directional complement after the verb, not a bare verb (general FL trap).
List actions, not feelings, for what to do
When a task asks WHAT people should do to be greener, list concrete ACTIONS, not feelings. ✗ 我很喜欢环保,觉得很重要 (I like the environment, think it matters) when asked what you DO ✓ name actions with 应该 / 会: 我们应该垃圾分类、多回收、节约用水,也可以坐公共交通。Give specific, concrete actions, and if the task wants your local area, concrete local detail — not a vague 环境不好.
越来越 and 很 cannot be combined
越来越 (yuè lái yuè) means increasingly / more and more — it already expresses a CHANGE in degree over time, so it can never take the plain degree adverb 很. ✗ 空气越来越很脏 ✓ 空气越来越脏。(Kōngqì yuè lái yuè zāng.) The same holds in a 比 comparison — never 很 there either: 今天比昨天冷, not 今天比昨天很冷. Use 很 only for a plain degree with no comparison and no 越来越: 空气很脏.
Four-step routine for an environment task
For an environment writing or speaking task: CHECK the focus — LOCAL (在我住的城市) or GLOBAL (全球) — and answer only that; NAME and rate the problem (……越来越严重, no 很); SAY what people can do with 应该 and 为了; give an OPINION and cover the time frame (present 我平时……, future 以后/打算/会).
Check LOCAL vs GLOBAL focus first
Before writing, decide the scope: does the task want the environment where YOU live, or the whole world? A local task needs 在我住的城市 and concrete detail (垃圾太多, 随手扔垃圾); a global task needs 全球变暖 and world issues. Answering the wrong scope wastes an otherwise good answer.
Learn anchor nouns and add an opinion
Theme-5 cards reward exact vocabulary plus opinion. Learn the anchors — 自然资源, 回收箱, 垃圾分类, 保护环境 — and never answer with one word. After naming a problem or action, add 我觉得……很重要,因为…… so every point carries an opinion and a reason.
Keep the future in the future
If a bullet asks what you WILL do to help the environment, use 以后 / 将来 / 打算 / 会 — do not answer a future question with a present habit (我每天关灯). Keep present habits in the present (我平时……) and future plans in the future (以后我打算……), so the examiner sees you control the time frame.
This topic (Theme T5: International & Global Dimension, T5.2) covers being green and access to natural resources: naming local and global environmental problems (pollution, rubbish, climate change), saying what individuals can do to help, and talking about natural resources such as water and energy. It is central to the Paper 2 Speaking picture-based task and conversation and to Paper 4 functional and extended Writing, and appears in listening and reading too. At Higher tier you must give and justify opinions with connectives and cover past, present and future time frames.
Problems 环境问题 (huánjìng wèntí)
| 汉字 | Pinyin | English |
|---|---|---|
| 环境 | huánjìng | environment |
| 污染 | wūrǎn | pollution |
| 空气污染 | kōngqì wūrǎn | air pollution |
| 垃圾 | lājī | rubbish, litter |
| 气候变化 | qìhòu biànhuà | climate change |
| 全球变暖 | quánqiú biànnuǎn | global warming |
| 浪费 | làngfèi | to waste |
| 严重 | yánzhòng | serious |
| 缺水 | quēshuǐ | water shortage |
| 森林 | sēnlín | forest |
Being green 环保行动 (huánbǎo xíngdòng)
| 汉字 | Pinyin | English |
|---|---|---|
| 环保 | huánbǎo | environmental protection |
| 保护环境 | bǎohù huánjìng | to protect the environment |
| 垃圾分类 | lājī fēnlèi | to sort rubbish |
| 回收 | huíshōu | to recycle |
| 回收箱 | huíshōu xiāng | recycling bin |
| 节约用水 | jiéyuē yòng shuǐ | to save water |
| 塑料袋 | sùliàodài | plastic bag |
| 一次性 | yícìxìng | single-use, disposable |
| 骑自行车 | qí zìxíngchē | to cycle |
| 公共交通 | gōnggòng jiāotōng | public transport |
| 种树 | zhòng shù | to plant trees |
Natural resources 自然资源 (zìrán zīyuán)
| 汉字 | Pinyin | English |
|---|---|---|
| 自然资源 | zìrán zīyuán | natural resources |
| 资源 | zīyuán | resources |
| 能源 | néngyuán | energy |
| 水资源 | shuǐ zīyuán | water resources |
| 太阳能 | tàiyángnéng | solar energy |
| 节能 | jiénéng | to save energy |
| 减少 | jiǎnshǎo | to reduce |
| 应该 | yīnggāi | should |
environmental protection / to protect the environment -- say it in Chinese with pinyin and use it in a short sentence
用中文写出四个和"环保"有关的词或短语(例如"回收"),并标出拼音。
Level-of-response questions with model answers and mark scheme rubrics.
上个周末你参加了一个环保活动。请给你的中国朋友写一条微信留言,内容要写清楚以下几点:(1)你上个周末做了什么环保活动;(2)你觉得这个活动怎么样;(3)建议你的朋友可以做一件保护环境的小事。请用中文(汉字)书写,约80-90字,语气可以自然、亲切。(8分)
你们学校的中文杂志正在征集关于「环境保护」的文章。请写一篇文章,内容包括:(1)你住的地方有哪些环境问题;(2)你自己平时做什么来保护环境;(3)你觉得一个人的行动有没有用,以后你打算做什么,为什么。请注意:要写你住的地方的情况,不要只谈全球问题。用中文(汉字)书写,约130-150字,用连接词把内容展开。(16分)
这是一道口语看图说话题(Picture-based task)。请你想象一张照片:在一个公园里,一群学生正在做环保活动——有的学生在把垃圾分类、放进回收箱,有的学生在种树,天气很好。 请用中文完成下面的任务:(1)描述照片里你看到了什么(人、地点、他们在做什么);(2)说说你觉得这张照片想告诉我们什么;(3)谈谈你对保护环境的看法,以及个人可以做些什么;(4)说一说以后你打算做什么来保护环境。请尽量说得详细,多用连接词和理由。(约24分)