Further-study words; a course takes 门, not 个
Learn institutions (大学 dàxué -- university, 学院 xuéyuàn -- college, 职业学校 zhíyè xuéxiào -- vocational school), subjects (数学/科学/商科/计算机科学) and study outcomes (学位 xuéwèi -- degree, 奖学金 jiǎngxuéjīn -- scholarship, 学历 xuélì -- qualification). A course or subject is counted with 门 (mén), never the generic 个. 例：我这学期选了三门课，包括数学和计算机科学。(Wǒ zhè xuéqī xuǎnle sān mén kè, bāokuò shùxué hé jìsuànjī kēxué.) -- This term I chose three courses, including maths and computer science.
Future study plans use 打算/希望/将来, not 了
Future study plans use 打算 (dǎsuàn -- to plan), 希望 (xīwàng -- to hope) and 将来/未来 (jiānglái/wèilái -- in the future), with 能/会 (néng/huì -- can/will). 例：我从中学毕业以后，打算继续读大学，希望将来能申请奖学金。(Wǒ cóng zhōngxué bìyè yǐhòu, dǎsuàn jìxù dú dàxué, xīwàng jiānglái néng shēnqǐng jiǎngxuéjīn.) -- After I graduate, I plan to continue at university and hope I can apply for a scholarship. 毕业 (bìyè, to graduate) is intransitive: use 从……毕业, never a direct object.
Give a reason; weigh with 虽然……但是……
An intent needs a specific reason -- 对……很感兴趣 (duì… hěn gǎn xìngqù -- interested in), 擅长 (shàncháng -- good at) or 因为 (yīnwèi -- because) -- then weigh it with 虽然……，但是……. 例：虽然继续读书要花很多学费，但是我还是想继续读书，因为好的学历能帮助我找到理想的工作。(Suīrán jìxù dúshū yào huā hěn duō xuéfèi, dànshì wǒ háishi xiǎng jìxù dúshū, yīnwèi hǎo de xuélì néng bāngzhù wǒ zhǎodào lǐxiǎng de gōngzuò.) -- Although studying on costs a lot, I still want to, because a good qualification helps me find my ideal job.
Drawn from real examiner reports.
个 instead of 门 for a course
A course or subject takes its own measure word, not 个. ✗ 我下个学期想选一个新的科目。(个 does not collocate with 科目) ✓ 我下个学期想选一门新的科目。(Wǒ xià gè xuéqī xiǎng xuǎn yì mén xīn de kēmù.) -- Next semester I want to choose a new subject. Learn the noun with its measure word as one chunk: 一门课/一门科目/一门专业课 (a course/a subject/a major course).
Measure-word misuse is a documented 0547 accuracy trap; 门 for a course is inferred (general FL trap)
了 wrongly added to a future plan
了 marks completion or a change of state, not simple future intention; 打算/希望/要 already signal the future and do not take 了 this way. ✗ 我打算了去大学学商科。(了 wrongly attached to 打算) ✓ 我打算去大学学商科。(Wǒ dǎsuàn qù dàxué xué shāngkē.) -- I plan to go to university to study business. Keep future-plan verbs (打算/希望/要) 了-free unless a genuinely completed action is reported.
了 aspect-marker misuse is the most-documented 0547 grammar error, both sittings (s22, s23)
Bare 有很多好处 with no benefit named
Task Completion needs an actual stated benefit, not a restated claim that benefits exist. ✗ 继续读书有很多好处。(restates the question, no benefit given) ✓ 继续读书的好处是可以拿到更高的学历，也能申请奖学金。(Jìxù dúshū de hǎochù shì kěyǐ nádào gèng gāo de xuélì, yě néng shēnqǐng jiǎngxuéjīn.) -- The benefit is a higher qualification and scholarships. Name the benefit -- not just the word 好处.
"Many benefits" bare-restatement failure (s22 Q3a; s23 P41/42/43)
很 inside a 比 comparison
A 比-comparison never takes 很 before the adjective -- drop it, or add a degree phrase after the adjective instead. ✗ 职业培训比大学很实用。(很 cannot follow 比) ✓ 职业培训比大学实用。(Zhíyè péixùn bǐ dàxué shíyòng.) -- Vocational training is more practical than university. To add degree: 比大学实用得多 (much more practical) or 实用一点 (a little more practical).
Comparison-with-比 misuse is on the 0547 grammar checklist, no worked example given (general FL trap)
认真得学习 -- 得 where 地 is needed
地 marks an adverbial BEFORE a verb; 得 marks a complement AFTER a verb. An adverb of manner before the verb needs 地, not 得. ✗ 认真得学习 (得 wrongly used before the verb) ✓ 认真地学习。(rènzhēn de xuéxí.) -- to study seriously. Contrast the after-verb complement: 学得很认真 (xué de hěn rènzhēn) -- studies very seriously. Position decides the particle.
的/地/得 confusion is on every 0547 writing component's checklist, both sittings (s22, s23)
毕业 cannot take a direct object
毕业 is intransitive in Chinese -- it cannot directly take the institution as its object the way English "graduate school" can. Use 从……毕业 (cóng… bìyè) or the topic-comment order 学校 + 毕业. ✗ 我毕业中学。(毕业 wrongly given a direct object) ✓ 我从中学毕业。(Wǒ cóng zhōngxué bìyè.) -- I graduated from secondary school. ✓ 我中学毕业以后……(topic-fronted 中学, then 毕业).
Plan, reason, benefit -- cover every bullet
For a further-study Writing or Speaking task: say when you finish and what/where you will study, with the right measure word (学一门专业课); give a genuine reason (因为我对计算机科学很感兴趣); add a named benefit if asked (可以拿到学位). Task Completion needs the reason and the benefit, not bare facts.
Weigh both sides with 虽然……但是……
When asked whether further study is worthwhile, do not list only the upside. Weigh cost against benefit with 虽然……，但是……: 虽然继续读书要花很多时间和学费，但是我觉得很值得。(Although studying on costs time and fees, I still think it is worth it.) Close with a justified personal view, not a bare 好处很多.
Read the whole clause, not one word
In Listening, a wrong option is often a subject genuinely mentioned but attached to the wrong speaker -- process the whole sentence, not the first name you catch. In Reading, when asked WHY someone studies on, give the specific reason in the text, not your own assumption.
This topic (Area D: The World of Work, D1) covers study after school, further education and training, subjects and courses, reasons for continuing to study, and plans for the future, including opinions on whether further study is worthwhile. It appears in listening and reading (vocabulary, gist and detail), functional and extended writing (a message, an opinion article), and the speaking topic conversation about future plans.
Education & training institutions 教育与培训机构 (jiàoyù yǔ péixùn jīgòu)
| 汉字 | Pinyin | English |
|---|---|---|
| 中学 | zhōngxué | secondary school |
| 高中 | gāozhōng | senior high school |
| 大学 | dàxué | university |
| 学院 | xuéyuàn | college |
| 职业学校 | zhíyè xuéxiào | vocational school |
| 培训课程 | péixùn kèchéng | training course |
| 继续教育 | jìxù jiàoyù | further education |
Subjects & courses 科目与课程 (kēmù yǔ kèchéng)
| 汉字 | Pinyin | English |
|---|---|---|
| 数学 | shùxué | maths |
| 科学 | kēxué | science |
| 历史 | lìshǐ | history |
| 地理 | dìlǐ | geography |
| 外语 | wàiyǔ | foreign language |
| 计算机科学 | jìsuànjī kēxué | computer science |
| 商科 | shāngkē | business studies |
| 艺术 | yìshù | art |
| 专业 | zhuānyè | major, specialisation |
| 课程 | kèchéng | course |
Study, exams & plans 学习、考试与打算 (xuéxí, kǎoshì yǔ dǎsuàn)
| 汉字 | Pinyin | English |
|---|---|---|
| 成绩 | chéngjì | grades, results |
| 考试 | kǎoshì | exam |
| 学位 | xuéwèi | degree |
| 奖学金 | jiǎngxuéjīn | scholarship |
| 申请 | shēnqǐng | to apply |
| 学费 | xuéfèi | tuition fee |
| 学历 | xuélì | educational qualification |
| 毕业 | bìyè | to graduate |
| 打算 | dǎsuàn | to plan, a plan |
| 将来/未来 | jiānglái/wèilái | (in the) future |
| 擅长 | shàncháng | to be good at |
| 兴趣 | xìngqù | interest |
Measure word 量词: a course or subject takes 门 (mén), not the generic 个 -- 一门课 (yì mén kè), 一门科目 (yì mén kēmù), 一门专业课 (yì mén zhuānyèkè).
to graduate (from a school)
用中文写出四个与继续升学有关的词语（例如学校、科目、学位等），并标出拼音；再写出一个正确搭配量词的例子（例如"一门课"）。
Level-of-response questions with model answers and mark scheme rubrics.
你下个月就要从中学毕业了。请给你的朋友写一条短信，说说你毕业以后的打算。短信里要写清楚以下几点：（1）你打算做什么、去哪里继续学习；（2）你为什么选择这个方向；（3）你现在的心情怎么样。请用中文（汉字）书写，约80-90字，注意短信的语气比较随意。（8分）
你们学校的校刊正在征稿，主题是「中学毕业以后，应该继续读书还是应该马上开始工作？」有人认为应该继续读大学或参加职业培训，为将来做准备；也有人认为应该马上开始工作，积累经验。请写一篇文章，谈谈你的看法，并举例说明。请用中文（汉字）书写，约130-150字，注意用连接词把观点展开，不要只是重复题目里的说法，也不要只写「有很多好处」而不说明具体是什么。（16分）
